Effects of cement-curing mode and light-curing unit on the bond durability of ceramic cemented to dentin

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different light-curing units and resin cement curing types on the bond durability of a feldspathic ceramic bonded to dentin. The crowns of 40 human molars were sectioned, exposing the dentin. Forty ceramic blocks of VITA VM7 were produced according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The ceramic surface was etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid / 60s and silanized. The dentin was treated with 37% phosphoric acid / 15s, and the adhesive was applied. The ceramic blocks were divided and cemented to dentin according to resin cement / RC curing type (dual- and photo-cured), light-curing unit (halogen light / QTH and LED), and storage conditions (dry and storage / 150 days + 12,000 cycles / thermocycling). All blocks were stored in distilled water (37°C / 24h) and sectioned (n = 10): G1 - QTH + RC Photo, G2 - QTH + RC Dual, G3 - LED + RC Photo, G4 - LED + RC Dual. Groups G5, G6, G7, and G8 were obtained exactly as G1 through G4, respectively, and then stored and thermocycled. Microtensile bond strength tests were performed (EMIC), and data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%). The bond strength values (MPa) were: G1 - 12.95 (6.40)ab; G2 - 12.02 (4.59)ab; G3 - 13.09 (5.62)ab; G4 - 15.96 (6.32)a; G5 - 6.22 (5.90)c; G6 - 9.48 (5.99)bc; G7 - 12.78 (11.30)ab; and G8 - 8.34 (5.98)bc. The same superscript letters indicate no significant differences. Different light-curing units affected the bond strength between ceramic cemented to dentin when the photo-cured cement was used, and only after aging (LED > QTH). There was no difference between the effects of dual- and photo-cured resin-luting agents on the microtensile bond strength of the cement used in this study.

Hardening of a dual-cure resin cement using QTH and LED curing units

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the surface hardness of a resin cement (RelyX ARC) photoactivated through indirect composite resin (Cristobal) disks of different thicknesses using either a light-emitting diode (LED) or quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) light source. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighteen resin cement specimens were prepared and divided into 6 groups according to the type of curing unit and the thickness of resin disks interposed between the cement surface and light source. Three indentations (50 g for 15 s) were performed on the top and bottom surface of each specimen and a mean Vickers hardness number (VHN) was calculated for each specimen. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer test was used for post-hoc pairwise comparisons. RESULTS: Increased indirect resin disk thickness resulted in decreased mean VHN values. Mean VHN values for the top surfaces of the resin cement specimens ranged from 23.2 to 46.1 (QTH) and 32.3 to 41.7 (LED). The LED curing light source produced higher hardness values compared to the QTH light source for 2- and 3-mm-thick indirect resin disks. The differences were clinically, but not statistically significant. Increased indirect resin disk thickness also resulted in decreased mean VHN values for the bottom surfaces of the resin cement: 5.8 to 19.1 (QTH) and 7.5 to 32.0 (LED). For the bottom surfaces, a statistically significant interaction was also found between the type of curing light source and the indirect resin disk thickness. CONCLUSION: Mean surface hardness values of resin cement specimens decreased with the increase of indirect resin disk thickness. The LED curing light source generally produced higher surface hardness values.

Influência de Diferentes Unidades Polimerizadoras na Resistência de União ao Cisalhamento entre Diferentes Metais e uma Resina Indireta / Effect of Different Polymerization Devices on the Shear bond Strength between Different Metals and an Indirect resin

Avaliar a influência de diferentes unidadespolimerizadoras na resistência de união ao cisalhamento entrediferentes metais a uma resina laboratorial. Método: Foramconfeccionados 60 cilindros metálicos (5mm x 4mm), sendotrinta em titânio comercialmente puro (Ticp) e trinta em liga deouro-paládio (Au-Pd), jateados (Al2O3 110μm, 20s, 2,9 bar)previamente à aplicação de resina. Foram aplicadas duascamadas do opaco (Sinfony) e posteriormente foi aplicada aresina de revestimento estético Sinfony na superfície deunião ao material estético nos cilindros metálicos. O opaco ea resina de revestimento foram polimerizados em diferentesunidades, de acordo com os grupos experimentais: GrA1-Ticp + Visio Beta (3M ESPE/EUA); GrA2 – Ticp + Powerlux(EDG, Brasil); GrA3 – Ticp + Strobolux (EDG, Brasil); GrB1 –Au-Pd + Visio Beta; GrB2 – Au-Pd + Powerlux; GrB3 – Au-Pd+ Strobolux. As amostras foram submetidas ao cisalhamentoem máquina de teste universal (EMIC/Brasil) com célula decarga com capacidade de 500 Kg (0,5 mm/min). Os dadosobtidos (MPa) foram submetidos à análise de variância ANOVA2 fatores e teste Tukey (5%). Resultados: As médias edesvio-padrão obtidos foram (MPa): GrA1: 6,1±1,9; GrA2:5,6±1,4; GrA3: 5,5±2,5; GrB1:9,46±2,5; GrB2:7,4±2; GrB3:8,2±3,1. Conclusão: As ligas de Au-Pd promovem uma maiorresistência de união à resina indireta Sinfony comparado aoTicp, independente da unidade polimerizadora utilizada...

To evaluate the effect of different polymerizationunits on the shear bond strength between different metalsand a laboratorial resin. Material and Method: Sixty metalliccylinders were obtained (5mm x 4mm), thirty in commerciallypure titanium (CpTi) and thirty in gold-palladium alloy (Au-Pd),which were sandblasted (Al2O3 110μm, 20s, 2,9 bar) beforethe resin application. Two layers of opaque (Sinfony Opaque)were applied with a brush and with the assistance of theteflon matrix, the esthetic veneering resin was applied onthe metallic cylinders. The opaque and veneering resin werepolymerized at different polymerized, according toexperimental groups: GrA1 – CpTi + Visio Beta (3M ESPE/EUA); GrA2 – CpTi + Powerlux (EDG, Brazil); GrA3 – CpTi +Strobolux (EDG, Brasil); GrB1 – Au-Pd + Visio Beta; GrB2 –Au-Pd + Powerlux; GrB3 – Au-Pd + Strobolux. The specimenswere submitted to shear test in a universal testing machine(model DL/1000-EMIC) with a 500kg load cell (0,5 mm/min).The data (MPa) were submitted to the analysis of variance(ANOVA) and tukey’s test (5%). Results: The means andstandard deviations obtained were (MPa): GrA1: 6.1±1.9;GrA2: 5.6±1.4; GrA3: 5.5±2.5; GrB1: 9.4±2.5; GrB2: 7.4±2; GrB3:8.2±3.1. Conclusion: The Au-Pd alloys promote higher bondstrength to sinfony indirect resin compared to Ticp, regardlessthe polymerized unit used...

Influência de diferentes dispositivos de ensaio utilizados no teste de resistência de união ao cisalhamento do titânio (TICP) a uma resina indireta / Influence of different test devices used on the shear bond strength test of titanium to indirect composite

Avaliar a influência de diferentes dispositivos decarregamento na resistência de união ao cisalhamento entreo titânio comercialmente puro (Ticp) e uma resina indireta.Materiais e Método: Foram confeccionados trinta cilindrosmetálicos (CM) em Ticp (altura: 5 mm; diâmetro: 4 mm). OsCM tiveram sua superfície adesiva jateada com Al2O3 110 μm.Todos os cilindros foram imersos em álcool isopropílico 10% elimpos em banho ultra-sônico (10 min). Duas camadas(espessura: 0,2 mm) de Sinfony Opaco foram aplicadas sobrea superfície jateada dos CM e submetidas à polimerização nasunidades Visio Alfa e Visio Beta. Com auxílio de um dispositivode teflon, a resina de recobrimento estético Sinfony foi aplicada(altura: 5 mm; diâmetro: 4 mm) sobre a camada de opaco epolimerizada de acordo com as recomendações do fabricante.As amostras foram divididas em três grupos, de acordo com otipo de dispositivo para carregamento utilizado para o ensaiode cisalhamento (n=10): Gr1- pistão, Gr2- cinzel reto e Gr3-cinzel reto com entalhe. As amostras foram submetidas aoensaio de cisalhamento na máquina de ensaio universal. Osdados (MPa) foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA).Resultados: As médias e desvios-padrões obtidos foram: Gr1-5,49±1,41 MPa; Gr2- 5,37±0,8 MPa e Gr3- 5,56±1,92 MPa.Conclusão: Todos os dispositivos testados apresentaramdesempenho semelhante na análise da união metal/resina(p=0,9550>0,05)...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influenceof the different devices on the shear bond strength betweenthe titanium (Ticp) and an indirect resin. Material and Method:Thirty metallic cylinders of Ticp (height: 5 mm; diameter: 4mm) obtained by machining of pure commercially titaniumbar (Ticp). The metallic cylinders had their adhesive surfacesandblasted (Al2O3; 110μm). All cylinders were immerged inisopropyl alcohol 10% and were cleaned ultrasonically (10min). Two layers of the resin Opaque Sinfony were applied onthe metallic cylinders and cured in the Visio Alfa and VisioBeta units, according to the manufacturer’s recommendation.The esthetic resin Sinfony was applied (height: 5 mm; diameter:4 mm) on the opaque layer using a teflon device, according tothe manufacturer’s instructions. The specimens were dividedinto three groups, according to the shear device used (n=10):Gr1: piston, Gr2: knife without a groove; Gr3: knife with a groove.The shear test was performed in a universal testing machine.Bond strength results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.Results: The means and standard deviations obtained were:Gr1- 5.49 ± 1.41 MPa, Gr2- 5.37 ± 0.8 MPa and Gr3- 5.56 ±1.92 MPa. Conclusion: All devices used showed similarperformance on the bond strength between metal/resin(p=0.9550>0.05)...

Adesão e grau de conversão: efeito das cores da cerâmica e do agente de fixação resinoso / Bonding and conversion degree: effect of ceramic and resin luting agent

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a translucidez de diferentes cores da cerâmica, o grau de conversão de diferentes cores do agente de fixação resinoso e a resistência de união entre a cerâmica e a dentina, variando as cores da cerâmica e do agente de fixação e o tempo de fotoativação. A hipótese é que quanto mais escuros o agente de fixação resinoso e a cerâmica, menor translucidez, menor conversão dos monômeros, mais baixa será a resistência adesiva, portanto maior tempo necessário para fotoativação. Três discos da cerâmica Vita VM7 com dimensão de 20 x 2 mm nas cores Base Dentine 0M1, Base Dentine 2M2 e Base Dentine 5M3 e dois discos com 20 x 2,5 mm da mesma cerâmica nas cores Base Dentine 0M1 e Base Dentine 5M3 foram usados para determinar a percentagem de translucidez através do espectrofotômetro MiniScan. Para se obter o grau de conversão (GC), os cp do agente de fixação (Variolink II; A3 Amarelo e transparente; espessura: 100 μm) foram fotoativados sob um bloco cerâmico (espessura: 2 mm; Base Dentine 0M1, Base Dentine 2M2 e Base Dentine 5M3) por 20 ou 40 s. Cpfotoativados sem o bloco cerâmico foram usados como controle. Dezesseis grupos (n=3) foram avaliados. Espectrometria de Micro-ATR/FTIR foi utilizada para avaliar a extensão da polimerização de todos os cp depois de 24 h. A %GC foi calculada e os dados foram analisados através de ANOVA 1-fator e teste de Tukey ( =0,05). Para avaliar adesão, a dentina da superfície oclusal de 80 molares humanos hígidos foi exposta e condicionada com ácido fosfórico 37% e adesivo (Excite DSC). Oitenta blocos (7,2 x 7,2 x 2,5 mm) da mesma cerâmica, nas cores Base Dentine 0M1 e Base Dentine 5M3, foram confeccionados de acordo com as instruções do fabricante. A superfície cerâmica foi tratada com ácido fluorídrico 10% por 60 s e silanizada. Os blocos cerâmicos de cada cor foram cimentados sobre a dentina tratada usando o agente de fixação de cor A3 Amarelo ou transparente. Os cp foram fotoativados...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the translucency of different ceramics hades, degree of conversion of different resin cement and the bonds trength between a feldspathic ceramic and dentin using different resin cement and ceramic shades, and the activation time. The hypothesis is the darker the resin cement and ceramic, lower the translucency; the lower the degree of monomers conversion, lower the bond strength, then the activation time should be higher. Three discs of Vita VM7 ceramic with 20 x 2 mm and shades: Base Dentine 0M1, Base Dentine 2M2 and Base Dentine 5M3, and two discs with 20 x 2.5 mm of the same ceramic and shades: Base Dentine 0M1 and Base Dentine 5M3 were used to determine the translucency percentage of each sp using the MiniScan espectrophotometer. For measure the degree of conversion (DC), the resin cement (Variolink II; A3 Yellow and transparent) specimens(thickness: 100 μm) were photocured under a ceramic block (2mm-thick;Base Dentine 0M1, Base Dentine 2M2 and Base Dentine 5M3) for 20 or 40 s. Specimen photocured without the ceramic block were used as control. Sixteen groups (n=3) were evaluated. Micro-ATR/FTIR spectrometry was used to evaluate the extent of polymerization of all sp after 24 h. The %DC was calculated and the data were analyzed using ANOVA 1-way and Tukey test ( =0,05). For the microtensile bonds trength test, the occlusal dentin surface of eighty molars were exposed and etched with 37% phosphoric acid and an adhesive (Excite DSC) was applied. Eighty blocks (7.2 x 7.2 x 2.5 mm) of Base Dentine 0M1 and Base Dentine 5M3 of Vita VM7 ceramic were produced according to the manufacturers. The ceramic surface was etched with 10% hydro fluoric acid for 60 s, followed by the application of a silane agent and a dualcured resin cement (Variolink II; base and catalyst: A3 Yellow; base and catalyst: transparent), according to the manufacturers’ recommendations.Ceramic blocks of each shade were...

Intrapulpal temperature variation during bleaching with various activation mechanisms

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the intrapulpal temperature variation after bleaching treatment with 35 percent hydrogen peroxide using different sources of activation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four human teeth were sectioned in the mesiodistal direction providing 48 specimens, and were divided into 4 groups (n=12): (G1) Control - Bleaching gel without light activation, (G2) Bleaching gel + halogen light, (G3) Bleaching gel + LED, (G4) Bleaching gel + Nd:YAG Laser. The temperatures were recorded using a digital thermometer at 4 time points: before bleaching gel application, 1 min after bleaching gel application, during activation of the bleaching gel, and after the bleaching agent turned from a dark-red into a clear gel. Data were analyzed statistically by the Dunnet's test, ANOVA and Tukey's test (a=0.05). RESULTS: The mean intrapulpal temperature values (ºC) in the groups were: G1: 0.617 ± 0.41; G2: 1.800 ± 0.68; G3: 0.975 ± 0.51; and G4: 4.325 ± 1.09. The mean maximum temperature variation (MTV) values were: 1.5ºC (G1), 2.9ºC (G2), 1.7ºC (G3) and 6.9ºC (G4). When comparing the experimental groups to the control group, G3 was not statistically different from G1 (p>0.05), but G2 and G4 presented significantly higher (p<0.05) intrapulpal temperatures and MTV. The three experimental groups differed significantly (p<0.05) from each other. CONCLUSIONS: The Nd:YAG laser was the activation method that presented the highest values of intrapulpal temperature variation when compared with LED and halogen light. The group activated by LED light presented the lowest values of temperature variation, which were similar to that of the control group.

Bond strength durability of self-etching adhesives and resin cements to dentin

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of one- (Xeno III, Dentsply) and two-step (Tyrian-One Step Plus, Bisco) self-etching adhesive systems bonded to dentin and cemented to chemically cured (C&B Metabond) or light-cured paste of a dual-cure resin cement (Variolink II, Ivoclar) within a short (24 h) and long period of evaluation (90 days). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty recently extracted human molars had their roots removed and their occlusal dentin exposed and ground wet with 600-grit SiC paper. After application of one of the adhesives, the resin cement was applied to the bonded surface and a composite resin block was incrementally built up to a height of 5 mm (n=10). The restored teeth were stored in distilled water at 37ºC for 7 days. The teeth were then cut along two axes (x and y), producing beam-shaped specimens with 0.8 mm² cross-sectional area, which were subjected to µTBS testing at a crosshead speed of 0.05 mm/min and stressed to failure after 24 h or 90 days of storage in water. The µTBS data in MPa were subjected to three-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α= 0.05). RESULTS: The interaction effect for all three factors was statistically significant (three-way ANOVA, p<0.001). All eight experimental means (MPa) were compared by the Tukey's test (p<0.05) and the following results were obtained: Tyrian-One Step Plus /C&B/24 h (22.4±7.3); Tyrian-One Step Plus /Variolink II/24 h (39.4±11.6); Xeno III/C&B/24 h (40.3±12.9); Xeno III/Variolink II/24 h (25.8±10.5); Tyrian-One Step Plus /C&B/90 d (22.1±12.8) Tyrian-One Step Plus/VariolinkII/90 d (24.2±14.2); Xeno III/C&B/90 d (27.0±13.5); Xeno III/Variolink II/90 d (33.0±8.9). CONCLUSIONS: Xeno III/Variolink II was the luting agent/adhesive combination that provided the most promising bond strength after 90 days of storage in water.

Resistência ao cisalhamento da união de um cimento resinoso a um cerômero submetido a diferentes tratamentos de superfície / Shear bond strength of a resin cement and a ceromer submitted to different surface treatments

Este estudo avaliou a influência de diferentes tratamentos de superfície na resistência de união de um cimento resinoso (Rely X – 3M ESPE) a um cerômero (Cristobal – Microdont). Quarenta discos da resina foram confeccionados (3,0 x 4,0 mm), fixados em cilindros plásticos e divididos em cinco grupos, de acordo com o tratamento de superfície: 1 –condicionamento com ácido fosfórico 37% por 15 segundos (controle); 2 – jateamento com óxido de alumínio 50 μm por 15 segundos; 3 - jateamento com óxido de alumínio mais aplicação de silano por 1 minuto; 4 - jateamento com óxido de alumínio, ácido fosfórico 37% e silano; 5 - jateamento com sílica 30 μm (Cojet - 3M Dental) e silano. Após, foi aplicado sistema adesivo (Single Bond 2 – 3M) e o cimento resinoso inserido na superfície do compósito através de uma matriz circular de teflon (3,0 x 3,0 mm). O cimento foi fotoativado (Optilight / Gnatus - 400 mW/cm2) por 40 segundos. Após armazenamento em água destilada (± 37ºC / 24 horas), foi realizado ensaio de cisalhamento na máquina de ensaio universal (EMIC DL 2000, velocidade: 1 mm/min). Os valores obtidos foram: Grupo 1 – 7,29 MPa; Grupo 2 – 22,13 MPa; Grupo 3 – 20,43 MPa; Grupo 4 – 22,93 MPa; Grupo 5 – 23,58 MPa. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey (5%). Apenas o grupo controle apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante dos demais. O jateamento com óxido de alumínio ou sílica resultou no aumento da resistência de união entre cimento resinoso e cerômero.

This study evaluated the influence of different surface treatments on the bond strength of a ceromer (Cristobal – Microdont) and resin cement (Rely X – 3M Dental). Forty composite resin blocks were manufactured (3.0 x 4.0 mm), fixed in plastic cylinders, and they were divided into five groups, according to the surface treatment: 1- etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds (control); 2 – sandblasted with 50 μm aluminum oxide particles; 3 – sandblasted with aluminum oxide and silaneted for 1 minute; 4 – sandblasted with aluminum oxide, etched with 37% phosphoric acid and silaneted; 5 – sandblasting with 30 μm silica particles and silaneted. After, the adhesive system (Single Bond 2 – 3M) was applied and the resin cement was inserted on composite resin surface with the help of a circular mold (3.0 x 3.0 mm). The cement was cured (QTH – Optilight / Gnatus – 400 mW/cm²) for 40 seconds. The specimens were placed in distilled water (± 37ºC) for 24 hour, and the shear bond test was performed in a universal machine (EMIC DL 2000, speed: 1 mm/min). The values obtained were: Group 1 – 7.29 MPa; Group 2 – 22.13 MPa; Group 3 – 20.43 MPa;Group 4 – 22.93 MPa; Group 5 – 23.58 MPa. The results were submitted to the analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (5%). Only the control group presented a statistically different result compared to the other groups. Sandblasting with aluminum oxide or silica particles increased the bond strength of the composite resin and the resin cement.

Prótese parcial removível associada a implantes osseointegrados / Removable partial denture associated the osseointegrated implants: a clinical report

A prótese parcial removível (PPR) conjugada a implantes osseointegrados é um desafio na Odontologia restauradora, pois a biomecânica que envolve dois sistemas diferentes é um tanto quanto complexa. Este relato de caso expõe a instalação de uma PPR associada a dois implantes osseointegrados com encaixe do tipo ERA, fixados na região distal. Após minuciosos exames clínico, radiográfico e realização de modelos de estudo fez-se os planejamentos cirúrgico e protético. Restabeleceu-se função e estética associadas a um grande conforto e satisfação relatados pelo paciente, mas vale ressaltar que mais estudos clínicos são necessários para se ter um posicionamento mais definido em relação a esta modalidade terapêutica.

Trauma oclusal x tecidos periodontais: ação da osteopontina e do receptor ativador do fator nuclear kappa B / Occlusal trauma x periodontal tissue: action of the osteopontin and receptor activator of nuclear factor Kappa B ligand

O trauma oclusal é causado pela força oclusal excessiva e muitas vezes está associado com a perda do osso alveolar. Na presença de trauma oclusal, periodontites provocadas por biofilme estão sujeitas a ter uma evolução mais rápida que periodontites onde o trauma oclusal não está associado. Nesta revisão foi detalhada a atuação de duas proteínas (osteopontina e RANKL) que podem estar envolvidas neste processo. Sabe-se que a osteopontina é uma proteína produzida sob carga mecânica e induz a migração dos osteoclastos para o local da reabsorção. O receptor ativador do fator nuclear Kappa B (RANKL) é um importante fator na diferenciação, ativação e sobrevivência dos osteoclastos, e participa da indução in vitro da osteopontina intracelular. Entretanto, o envolvimento do RANKL na reabsorção óssea inflamatória, com ou sem trauma oclusal, e o papel da osteopontina nas células ainda não está claro. No presente estudo, uma revisão de literatura foi realizada com o objetivo de elucidar a imunohistoquímica do trauma oclusal associado aos tecidos periodontais, enfatizando a atuação da osteopontina e do RANKL, assim como a relação entre o trauma oclusal e os tecidos periodontais. Com base no que existe atualmente na literatura, o mecanismo preciso de degradação periodontal sob excessiva carga oclusal ainda não está bem estabelecido em virtude da complexa ação das referidas proteínas.

The occlusal trauma is caused by excessive occlusal loading and many times are associated with the anatomy ofthe osseous structures. In the presence of occlusal loading, periodontitis caused for bacterial film could be an evolution faster than periodontitis disease where the occlusal trauma is not associated. In this review, it will be emphasized the action of two proteins (osteopontin and RANKL) that can be involved in this process. The osteopontin is known to be reduced upon mechanical loading and is considered to induce migration of osteoclasts to the resorption bone. The receptor activator of nuclear factor Kappa B (RANKL) is an important factor in the differentiation, activation and survival of the osteoclasts, and participates of the induction in vitro of the intracellular osteopontin. However, the evolvement of the RANKL in the inflammatory osseous resorption, with or without oclusal loading, and the function of the osteopontin in the cells is unclear. In the present study, a literature review was carried through with the objective to elucidate the immunohistochemistry of the occlusal trauma associate to the periodontal tissues, emphasizing the action of osteopontin and RANKL, as well as the relation between the occlusal loading and periodontal tissues. On the basis of what it exists currently in literature, the necessary mechanism of the fabric periodontal under excessive occlusal loading was unclear because of the complex action of these proteins.

Associação de prótese parcial removível com implantes osseointegrados / Association of removable partial denture with supported implant-borne

A associação de prótese parcial removível (PPR) com implantes osseointegrados surgiu para minimizar o problema do duplo suporte existente nas PPRs convencionais que favorece a instabilidadeda prótese. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma revisão da literatura a respeito de PPR suportada por implantes, assim como as características dessa associação e a sua viabilidade, levando em consideração as exigências funcional e estética do paciente.

Estágio atual das resinas compostas indiretas: uma revisão da literatura / Current perspectives of indirect composites: a literature review

O anseio dos pacientes que procuram tratamento dentário com excelência estética, bem como o desejo dos profissionais de odontologia em buscar melhores soluções protéticas, tem motivado inúmeros esforços nos últimos anos para o aperfeiçoamento tecnológico e biomecânico dos materiais restauradores. Por isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi rever algumas propriedades das resinas compostas indiretas, abordar novidades que estão surgindo através de tecnologias, e elucidar algumas perspectivas futuras desses materiais. Concluiu-se que a tendência atual é o surgimento de um material que reúna cada vez mais as propriedades físico-mecânicas necessárias para se obter materiais restauradores de alta qualidade e estética satisfatória.